ASSESSMENT OF ZEOLITE USE FOR REMOVAL OF PETROLEUM COMPOUNDS FROM WASTEWATER
Gospodinka Gicheva, Alexander Chanachev, Neli Mintcheva
University of Mining and Geology “St. Ivan Rilski”, 1700 Sofia; Bulgaria
E-mail: g.gicheva@mgu.bg; a.chanachev@mgu.bg; nnmintcheva@mgu.bg
Corresponding author: g.gicheva@mgu.bg
ABSTRACT. Zeolites are types of inorganic porous materials that have been widely investigated and applied for their excellent sorption ability for wastewater treatment. Their low cost, safeness, natural abundance and accessibility make them good candidates for a large-scale application. Pollution generated by organic compounds, especially hydrocarbons from oil spills and crude oil refineries emerge as a great concern for aquatic life and the environment. The hydrophobic and highly stable molecules of hydrocarbons determine their persistence toward conventional methods involved in water treatment plants and accidental spills in oceans and seas. This paper presents the works that have been focused on implementation of natural and synthetic zeolites and their modified forms as well as zeolite composites for removal of hydrocarbons from wastewater.
Key words: zeolites; wastewater treatment; oil spill; hydrocarbon pollution
DOI: https://doi.org/10.58903/dv69110145
References
Baltrėnas, P., Baltrėnaitė, E., Serevičienė, V. & Pereira, P. (2011). Atmospheric BTEX concentrations in the vicinity of the crude oil refinery of the Baltic region. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 182, 115–127. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-010-1862-0.
Bandura, L., Franus, M., Józefaciuk, G.& Franus, W. (2015). Synthetic zeolites from fly ash as effective mineral sorbents for land-based petroleum spills cleanup. Fuel, 147, 100–107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2015.01.067.
Bandura, L., Franus, M., Panek, R., Woszuk, A. & Franus, W. (2015). Characterization of zeolites and their use as adsorbents of petroleum substances. Przemysł Chemiczny, 94, 323–327. https://doi.org/10.15199/62.2015.3.11.
Bandura, L., Panek, P., Madej, J. & Franus, W. (2021). Synthesis of zeolite-carbon composites using high-carbon fly ash and their adsorption abilities towards petroleum substances. Fuel, 283, Article 119173. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2020.119173.
Bandura, L., Woszuk, A., Kołodyńska, D. & Franus, W. (2017). Application of mineral sorbents for removal of petroleum substances: A Review. Minerals, 7, Article 37. https://doi.org/10.3390/min7030037.
Breck, D. W. (1974). Zeolite Molecular Sieves: Structure, Chemistry, and Use. John Wiley & Sons, New York.
Carmody, O., Frost, R., Xi, Y. & Kokot, S. (2008). Selected adsorbent materials for oil-spill cleanup — a thermoanalytical study. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry. 91, 809–816. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-007-8368-1.
Carmody, O., Frost, R., Xi, Y.& Kokot, S. (2007). Adsorption of hydrocarbons on organo-clays—implications for oil spill remediation. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 305, 17–24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2006.09.032.
Chaouati, N., Soualah, A. & Chater, M. (2013). Adsorption of phenol from aqueous solution onto zeolites y modified by silylation. Comptes Rendus Chimie, 16, 222–228. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crci.2012.10.010.
Corma, A. (2003). State of the art and future challenges of zeolites as catalysts. Journal of Catalysis, 216, 298–312. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9517(02)00132-X.
de Magalhães, L. F., da Silva, G. R. & Peres, A. E. C. (2022). Zeolite application in wastewater treatment, Adsorption Science & Technology, Article ID 4544104. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/4544104.
Franus, M. & Wdowin, M. (2010). Removal of ammonium ions by selected natural and synthetic zeolites. Gospodarka surowcami mineralnymi – Mineral resources management, 26, 133–148.
Franus, M., Wdowin, M., Bandura, L. & Franus, W. (2015). Removal of environmental pollution using zeolites from fly ash: A review. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 24, 854–866.
Inglezakis, J., Loizidou, M. D. & Grigoropoulou, H. P. (2002). Equilibrium and kinetic ion exchange studies of Pb2+, Cr3+, Fe3+ and Cu2+ on natural clinoptilolite, Water Research, 36, 2784–2792. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0043-1354(01)00504-8
Kadja, G. T. M., Culsum, N. T. U., Mardiana, S., Azhari, N. J., Fajar, A. T. N., & Irkham (2022). Recent advances in the enhanced sensing performance of zeolite-based materials. Materials Today Communications, 33, Article 104331. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtcomm.2022.104331.
Kalbuadi, D. N., Goenadi, D. H., Santi, L. P., Nurtjahja & L.R. (2019). The potential use of natural clinoptilolite zeolite for crude oil spill removal from sea water. Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering, 7, 446-453. https://doi.org/10.4236/jmmce.2019.76031.
Khader, E., Mohammed, T. J. & Adnan, S. (2021). Reduction of oil and COD from produced water by activated carbon, zeolite, and mixed adsorbents in a fixed-bed column. Desalination and Water Treatment, 227, 216-227. https://doi.org/10.5004/dwt.2021.27295.
Koshlak, H. (2023). Synthesis of zeolites from coal fly ash using alkaline fusion and its applications in removing heavy metals. Materials, 16, Article 4837. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16134837.
Kordala, N. & Wyszkowski, M. (2024). Zeolite Properties, Methods of Synthesis, and Selected Applications. Molecules, 29, Article 1069. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29051069.
Lang, Q., Lu, P., Yang, X. & Valtchev, V. (2024). Zeolites for the environment, Green Carbon, 2, 12–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.greenca.2024.02.007.
Laredo, G. C., Trejo-Zarraga, F., Jimenez-Cruz, F. & Garcia-Gutierrez, J. L. (2013). Separation of linear and branched paraffins by adsorption processes for gasoline octane number improvement. Recent Patents on Chemical Engineering, 5, 153–173, https://doi.org/10.2174/2211334711205030001
Liebau, F., Mandarino, J. A., Minato, H., Nickel, E. H., Passaglia, E., Peacor, D. R., Quartier, S., Rinaldi, R. M., Ross, Sheppard, R. A, Tillmanns, E. & Vezzalini, G. (1998). Recommended nomenclature for zeolite minerals: report of the subcommittee on zeolites of the international mineralogical association, commission on new minerals and mineral names. European Journal of Mineralogy, 10, 1037–1081.
Lin, Z., Yuan, P., Yue, Y., Bai, Z., Zhu, H., Wang, T. & Bao, X. (2020). Selective adsorption of Co(II)/Mn(II) by zeolites from purified terephthalic acid wastewater containing dissolved aromatic organic compounds and metal ions. Science of the Total Environment, 698, Article 134287. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134287.
Liu, H. (2022). Conversion of harmful fly ash residue to zeolites: Innovative processes focusing on maximum activation, extraction, and utilization of aluminosilicate. ACS Omega, 7, 20347−20356. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.2c02388.
Liu, Y. & Kujawinski, E. B. (2015). Chemical composition and potential environmental impacts of Water-soluble polar crude oil components inferred from ESI FT-ICRMS, PLoS One 10,1–18. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0136376
Lucien, L., Morgan, P. F., Thybaud, E. & Cossa, D. (2004). The monitoring programme of the ecological and ecotoxicological consequences of the “Erika” oil spill, Aquatic Living Resources, 17, 239–241. https://doi.org/10.1051/alr:2004045.
Methivier, A. (2002). Separation of paraxylene by adsorption. In Guisnet, M. & Gilson, J.-P. (Eds.) Zeolites for Cleaner Technologies. Imperial College Press: London, Vol. 3; Chapter 10, pp. 209–221. https://doi.org/10.13140/2.1.3317.8401.
Mirsalami, S. M. & Mirsalami, M. (2024). Investigation of oil biodegradation using expanded zeolite infused with oil-consuming microorganisms. Environmental Advances, 16, 100551, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envadv.2024.100551.
Mokrzycki, J., Franus, W., Panek, Sobczyk, R. M., Rusiniak, P., Szerement, J., Jarosz, R., Marcińska-Mazur, L., Bajda, T. & Mierzwa-Hersztek, M. (2023). Zeolite composite materials from fly ash: An assessment of physicochemical and adsorption properties. Materials, 16, Article 2142. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16062142.
Muir, B. & Bajda, T. (2016). Organically modified zeolites in petroleum compounds spill cleanup—Production, efficiency, utilization. Fuel Processing Technology, 149, 153–162. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuproc.2016.04.010. 10.1016/j.fuproc.2016.04.010
Muir, B., Matusik, J. & Bajda, T. (2016). New insights into alkylammonium-functionalized clinoptilolite and Na-P1 zeolite: Structural and textural features. Applied Surface Science, 361, 242–250. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2015.11.116
de Peña, Y.P., López, W., Burguera, J.L., Burguera, M., Gallignani, M., Brunetto, R., Carrero, P., Rondon, C., Imbert, F. (2000). Synthetic zeolites as sorbent material for on-line preconcentration of copper traces and its determination using flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Analytica Chimica Acta, 403, 249–258. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-2670(99)00566-8.
Palčić, A. & Valtchev, V. (2020). Analysis and control of acid sites in zeolites. Applied Catalysis A: General, 606, Article 117795. 10.1016/j.apcata.2020.117795. hal-03035450
Ping, W., Gao, W., Cui, X., Hong, J. & Feng, R. (2016). Phenol adsorption equilibrium and kinetics on zeolite X / activated carbon composite, Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers, 62, 192-198. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtice.2016.02.004.
Rajakovic-Ognjanovic, V., Aleksic, G. & Rajakovic Lj. (2008). Governing factors for motor oil removal from water with different sorption materials. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 154, 558–563. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2007.10.066
Ranck, J. M., Bowman, R. S., Weeber, J. L., Katz, L. E. & Sullivan, E. J. (2005). BTEX removal from produced water using surfactant-modified zeolite. Journal of Environmental Engineering, 131 434–442. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(2005)131:3(434)
Yousef, R. I., El-Eswed, B. & Al-Muhtaseb A. H. (2011). Adsorption characteristics of natural zeolites as solid adsorbents for phenol removal from aqueous solutions: Kinetics, mechanism, and thermodynamics studies, Chemical Engineering Journal 171, 1143–1149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2011.05.012.
Sakthivel, T., Reid, D. L., Goldstein, I., Hench, L. & Seal, S. (2013). Hydrophobic high surface area zeolites derived from fly ash for oil spill remediation. Environmental Science & Technology, 47, 5843–5850. https://doi.org/10.1021/es3048174.
Sarkar, B., Megharaj, M., Shanmuganathan, D. & Naidu, R. (2013). Toxicity of organoclays to microbial processes and earthworm survival in soils. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 261, 793–800. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.11.061.
Seifi, L., Torabian, A., Kazemian, H., Bidhendi, G. N., Azimi, A. A., Farhadi, F. & Nazmara, S. (2011). Kinetic study of BTEX removal using granulated surfactant-modified natural zeolites nanoparticles. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution., 219, 443–457. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-010-0719-z.
Shams, K. & Ahi, H. (2013). Synthesis of 5A zeolite nanocrystals using kaolin via nanoemulsion ultrasonic technique and study of its sorption using a known kerosene cut, Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, 180, 61–70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micromeso.2013.06.019.
Simpson, J. A. & Bowman, R. S. (2009). Nonequilibrium sorption and transport of volatile petroleum hydrocarbons in surfactant-modified zeolite. Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, 108, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131772.
Szala, B., Bajda, T., Matusik, J., Zięba, K. & Kijak, B. (2015). BTX sorption on Na-P1 organo-zeolite as a process controlled by the amount of adsorbed HDTMA. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials., 202, 115–123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micromeso.2014.09.033.
Vansant, E.F. (1990). Pore Size Engineering in Zeolites, J. Wiley & Sons, New York, Chichester.
Vidal, C. B., Raulino, G. S. C., Barros, A. L., Lima, A. C. A., Ribeiro, J. P., Pires, M. J. R. & Nascimento, R. F. (2012). BTEX removal from aqueous solutions by HDTMA-modified Y zeolite. Journal of Environmental Management, 112, 178–185. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2012.07.026
Wang, S. & Peng, Y. (2010). Natural zeolites as effective adsorbents in water and wastewater treatment. Chemical Engineering Journal, 156, 11–24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2009.10.029
Wdowin, M., Franus, M., Panek, R., Badura, L. & Franus, W. (2014). The conversion technology of fly ash into zeolites. Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy, 16, 1217–1223. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10098-014-0719-6.
Zhang, H., Samsudin, I., Jaenicke S. & Chuah, G-K., (2022). Zeolites in catalysis: sustainable synthesis and its impact on properties and applications. Catalysis Science & Technology, 12, 6024-6039. https://doi.org/10.1039/d2cy01325h
Zuberogoitia, I., Martinez, J. A., Iraet, A., Azkona, A., Zabala, J., Jimenez, B., Merino, R. & Gomez, G. (2006). Short-term effects of the prestige oil spill on the peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus), Marine Pollution Bulletin, 52, 1176–1181. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2006.02.016.