Velichka Arahangelova1, Alexandre Loukanov1,2
1 Laboratory of Engineering NanoBiotechnology, Department of Eng. Geoecology, University of Mining and Geology “St. Ivan Rilski” – Sofia, Bulgaria, E-mails: w.mitova@abv.bg, a.loukanov@mgu.bg
2 Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, National Institute of Technology, Gunma College, 580 Toriba, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8530 Japan, E-mails: loukanov@gunma-ct.ac.jp
ABSTRACT. The bioaccumulation and environmental toxicity of colloidal contaminants have always been the focus of extensive research. Here we report efficient extraction of iron oxide colloidal contaminants from mine drainage effluents by phytoremediation with legume plants. The smallest fine particles with size less than 10 nm exhibit two wide absorption peaks at 350 and 495 nm, respectively. They have good dispersibility in aqueous environment and are highly resistant to removing or purification by any gravitational settings. The ultra-small nanosized particles (with average diameter 2-3 nm) can be bioaccumulated into the roots of soybean sprouts and might cause physiological stress and inhibition of the germination process. All experimental data found delayed growth, as well as decreased biomass production, which was observed in both the stem and root system of treated sprouts. Nevertheless, the immersed in mine effluent plants showed some resistance to the colloid toxicity. The light microscopic analysis also revealed the occurrence of more intensive symbiosis between the root tubers and the rhizosphere microbial communities in the case of phytorenmediation. The absorbance spectroscopic measurement demonstrated about 90 % efficient colloidal removement from the suspension within 10 days treatment. The atomic absorption spectroscopy analysis of mineralised sprouts cultured in synthetic mine effluents found that the highest concentration of accumulated iron in the legume plants was 258,02 ± 23,48 mg/100 g, which was achieved in suspension of 25 mM FeSO4. The presented report enables potential practical application of legume plants in the circumneutral passive treatment systems for remediation of mine effluents.
Key words: Mine effluents, colloidal contaminants, bioaccumulation, circumneutral passive treatment systems
DOI: https://doi.org/10.58903/u17190823
PHYTOREMEDIATION AND EXTRACTION OF COLLOIDAL CONTAMINANTS FROM MINE EFFLUENTS THROUGH LEGUME PLANTS
References
Ahmad, E., Zaidi, A., Khan, M. & Oves, M. (2012). Heavy metal toxicity to symbiotic nitrogen-fixing microorganism and host legumes. In: A. Zaidi, P. Wani & M. Khan (Eds.), Toxicity of heavy metals to legumes and bioremediation (pp. 29–44). DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7091-0730-0_2
Ali, H., Khan, E. & Sajad, M. (2013). Phytoremediation of heavy metals – concepts and applications. Chemosphere, 91, 869–881. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.01.075
Ayub, M., ur Rehman, M., Umar, W., Zuhra, N. & Shabaan, M. (2022). Chapter 18 – Role of legumes in phytoremediation of heavy metals. Advances in Legumes for Sustainable Intensification, (pp. 345–360). https://doi.org/10.1016/ B978-0-323-85797-0.00011-2
Bhat, S., Bashir, O., Ul, Haq, S., Amin, T., Rafiq, A., Ail, M., Americo-Pinheito, J. & Sher, F. (2022). Phytoremediation of heavy metals in soil and water: An eco-friendly, sustainable and multidisciplinary approach. Chemosphere, 303, 134788. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134788
Fagorzi, C., Checcucci A., diCenzo, G., Debiec-Andrzejewska, K., Dziewit, L., Pini, F. & Mengoni, A. (2018). Harnessing rhizobia to improve heavy-metal phytoremediation by legumes. Genes, 9, 542. doi: 10.3390/genes9110542
Guhra, T., Ritschel, T. & Totsche, K. U. (2021). The mechanisms of gravity-constrained aggregation in natural colloidal suspensions. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 597, 126–136. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2021.03.153
Hao, X., Taghavi, S., Xie, P., Orbach, M., Alwathnani, H., Rensing ,C. & Wei, G. (2014). Phytoremediation of heavy and transition metals aided by legume-rhizobia symbiosis. International Journal of Photoremediation, 16, 179–202. DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2013.773273
Hearman, H. S. & Herman, M. L. (1991). Toxic effects of colloids in the intensive care unit. Critical Care Clinics 7, 713–723. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0749-0704(18)30302-6
Jach, M. E., Sajnaga, E. & Ziaja, M. (2022). Utilisation of legume-nodule bacterial symbiosis in phytoremediation of heavy metal-contaminated soils. Biology (Basel), 11, 676. https://doi.org/10.3390/biology11050676
Kimpiab, E., Kapiamba, K., Foliac, L., Oyekola, O. & Petrik, L., (2022). Synthesis of stabilised iron nanoparticles from acid mine drainage and rooibos tea for application as a fenton-like catalyst. ACS Omega, 7, 24423–24431. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.2c01846
Kumar, A., Maiti, S., Tripti, Prasad, M. & Singh, R. (2015). Grasses and legumes facilitate phytoremediation of metalliferous soils in the vicinity of an abandoned chromite–asbestos mine. Joutnal of Soils and Sediments, 17, 1358–1368. DOI 10.1007/s11368-015-1323-z
Loukanov, A., Angelov, A., Takahashi, Y., Nikolov, I. & Nakabayashi, S. (2019). Carbon nanodots chelated with metal ions as efficient electrocatalysts for enhancing performance of microbial fuel cell based on sulfate reducing bacteria. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 574, 52–61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2019.04.067
Loukanov, A. & Emin, S. (2016). Biotinylated vanadium and chromium sulfide nanoparticles as probes for colocalisation of membrane proteins. Microscopy Research and Technique, 79, 799–805. DOI: 10.1002/jemt.22701
Loukanov, A., Mladenova, P., Toshev, P., Karailiev, A., Ustinovich, E. & Nakabayashi, S. (2018). Real time monitoring and quantification of uptake carbon nanodots in eukaryotic cells. Microscopy Research and Technique, 81, 1541–1547. https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.23161
Masindi, V., Foteinis, S., Renforth, P., Ndiritu, J., Maree, J. P., Tekere M. & Chatzisymeon, E. (2022). Challenges and avenues for acid mine drainage treatment, beneficiation, and valorisation in circular economy: A review. Ecological Engineering, 183, 106740. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2022.106740
Pajuelo, E., Carrasco, J., Romero, L., Chamber, M. & Gotor, C., (2007). Evaluation of the metal phytoextraction potential of crop legumes. Regulation of the expression of O-acetylserine (thiol)lyase under metal stress. Plant Biology, 9, 672–681. DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-965439
Park, I., Tabelin, C. B., Jeon, S., Li, X., Seno, K., Ito, M. & Hiroyoshi, N. (2019). A review of recent strategies for acid mine drainage prevention and mine tailings recycling. Chemosphere, 219, 588–606. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.chemosphere.2018.11.053
Saria, L., Shimaoka, T. & Miyawaki, K. (2006). Leaching of heavy metals in acid mine drainage. Waste Management Resêarch, 24, 134–140. DOI: 10.1177/0734242X06063052
Tack, F.M., Callewaert, O.W.J. J. & Verloo, M. G. (1996). Metal solubility as a function of pH in a contaminated, dredged sediment affected by oxidation. Environmental Pollution, 91, 199–208. https://doi.org/10.1016/0269-7491(95)00049-6
Tessier, A., Fortin, D., Belzile, N., DeVitre, R. R. & Leppard, G. G., (1996). Metal sorption to diagenetic iron and manganese oxyhydroxides and associated organic matter: Narrowing the gap between field and laboratory measurements. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 60, 387–404. https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(95)00413-0
Tchounwou, P. B, Yedjou, C. G., Patlolla, A. K. & Sutton, D. J., (2012). Heavy metals toxicity and the environment. In: A. Luch, (Ed.) Molecular, Clinical and Environmental Toxicology. Experientia Supplementum,101, Springer, 133–164. doi: 10.1007/978-3-7643-8340-4_6
Zhang, W., Morales, V. L., Cakmak, M. E., Salvucci, A. E., Geohring, L. D, Hay, A. G., Parlange, J.-Y. & Steenhuis, T. S., (2010). Colloid transport and retention in unsaturated porous media: effect of colloid input concentration. Environmental Science & Technology, 44, 4965–4972. https://doi.org/10.1021/es100272f
Zielinska-Dawidziak, M. & Siger, A. (2012). Effect of elevated accumulation of iron in ferritin on the antioxidants content in soybean sprouts. European Food Research and Technology, 234, 1005–1012. DOI: 10.1007/s00217-012-1706-y.